Bulgarian kings thread

[duovamp]

First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018)
Dulo dynasty (681–753)
Asparukh of Bulgaria.JPG Khana[›] Asparukh 681–701 Son of Khan Kubrat, ruler of Old Great Bulgaria. After his victory at the Battle of Ongal in 680 he formed the country of Bulgaria. Died in 701 in battle against the Khazars.[2]
Tervel of Bulgaria.jpg Khan Tervel 701–721 Received the Byzantine title Caesar in 705 for helping Justinian II recover his throne.[3][4] Tervel aided the Byzantines during the Second Arab Siege of Constantinople. Died in 721.[5]
Khan Kormesiy 721–738 Unknown date of death.[6]
Khan Sevar 738–753 Last ruler of the Dulo dynasty. Died a natural death or was dethroned in 753.[7]
Vokil clan (753–762)
Khan Kormisosh 753–756 Beginning of a period of internal instability. Deposed in 756.[8]
Khan Vinekh 756–762 Murdered in 762.[9]
Ugain clan (762–765)
Khan Telets 762–765 Murdered in 765.[10]
Non-dynastic (765–766)
Khan Sabin 765–766 Might have been of Slavic origin. Deposed by a People's Council in 766, fled to the Byzantine Empire.[11]
Vokil clan (766)
Khan Umor 766 Ruled for only 40 days. Deposed in 766 and fled to the Byzantine Empire.[12]
Non-dynastic (766–768)
Khan Toktu 766–767 Killed in the forests of the Danube in 767 by the opposition.[13]
Khan Pagan 767–768 Murdered by his servants in the region of Varna.[14]
Krum/Dulo dynasty (768–997)b[›]
Seal of Telerig.jpg Khan[15] Telerig 768–777 Son of Tervel.Fled to Constantinople in 777 and baptised.[16]
Khan Kardam 777–803 End of the internal crisis. Stabilization and consolidation of the country. Unknown date of death.[17]
Krum33.jpg Khan[18] Krum 803–814 Famous for the battle of Pliska in which the Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I perished. Krum is also famous for introducing the first written laws into Bulgaria. Died a natural death (very likely from a stroke) on 13 April 814. There are several theories regarding his death.[19]
Omurtag1.jpg Kanasubigi[20]
Ruler of the many Bulgarians[21] Omurtag 814–831 Known for his construction policy, administrative reform and the persecution of Christians.[22]
Khan Malamir 831–836 Third and youngest son of Omurtag. Died of natural causes at an early age.[23]
Khan Presian I 836–852 Almost the whole of Macedonia was incorporated into Bulgaria.[24]
TzarBorisDidacticGospelConstantinePreslavski.jpg Prince (Knyaz)c[›] Boris I Michael Id[›] 852–889 Christianization of Bulgaria; adoption of Old Bulgarian as the official language of the State and the Church; recognition of an autocephalous Bulgarian Church.[25] Abdicated in 883, died on 2 May 902, aged around 80.[26] Proclaimed a Saint.
Prince Vladimir 889–893 Eldest son of Boris I. Tried to restore Tengriism. Deposed and blinded by his father in 893.[27]
Skylitzes - Simeón el Grande.jpg Prince/Emperor (Tsar)
Emperor of the Bulgarians and the Romans (claimed)[28]
Emperor of the Bulgarians (recognized)[29] Simeon I 893–927 Third son of Boris I, raised to become a cleric but enthroned during the Council of Preslav. Bulgaria reached its apogee and greatest territorial extent. Golden age of Bulgarian culture. Died of a heart attack on 27 May 927, aged 63.[30]
Seal of Petar I.png Emperor
Emperor of the Bulgarians[31] Petar I 927–969 Second son of Simeon I. His 42-year rule was the longest in Bulgarian history. Abdicated in 969 and became a monk. Died on 30 January 970.[32] Proclaimed a Saint.
Boris II.jpg Emperor Boris II 970–971 Eldest son of Petar I. Dethroned by the Byzantines in 971. Accidentally killed by the Bulgarian border guards in 977 when he tried to return to the country.[33]
Roman BG.JPG Emperor Roman 977–991 (997) Second son of Petar I. Castrated by the Byzantines but escaped to Bulgaria in 977. Captured in battle by the Byzantines in 991 and died in prison in Constantinople in 997.[34]
Cometopuli dynasty (997–1018)
Samuil of bolgaria reconstruction.jpg Emperor
Emperor of the Bulgarians[35] Samuel 997–1014 Co-ruler and general under Roman between 976 and 997. Officially proclaimed Emperor of Bulgaria in 997. Died of a heart attack on 6 October 1014, aged 69–70.[36]
Emperor Gavril Radomir 1014–1015 Eldest son of Samuel, crowned on 15 October 1014. Murdered by his cousin Ivan Vladislav in August 1015.[37]
Emperor Ivan Vladislav 1015–1018 Son of Aron and nephew of Samuel. Killed in the siege of Drach.[38] His death brought the end of the First Bulgarian Empire which was annexed by the Byzantine Empire.
Presian II of Bulgaria.jpg Tsar
Tsar of the Bulgarians Presian II 1018
Proclaimed monarchs during the Byzantine rule (1040–1041 / 1072)
Cometopuli dynasty
Peter II of Bulgaria.jpg Emperor Petar II Delyan 1040–1041 Claimed to have been descendent of Gavril Radomir. Led an unsuccessful uprising against Byzantine rule.[39]
Konstantin Bodin.jpg Emperor Petar III 1072 Named Constantine Bodin and Descendent of Samuel, he was proclaimed Emperor of Bulgaria after the sainted emperor Petar I during the Uprising of Georgi Voiteh.[40] Between 1081 and 1101 he ruled as King of Duklja.
Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1422)
Asen dynasty
Emperor Petar IV 1185–1190 Originally named Theodore, he was proclaimed Emperor of Bulgaria as Petar IV during the successful Uprising of Asen and Petar. In 1190 he gave the throne to his younger brother.[41]
Emperor Ivan Asen I 1190–1196 Younger brother of Petar IV. A successful general, he ruled until 1196 when he was murdered by his cousin Ivanko.[42]
Emperor Petar IV 1196–1197 After his brother's death, he returned to the Bulgarian throne. Murdered in 1197.[41]
NHMB-Anthrolopogical-reconstruction-of-the-head-of-Tsar-Kaloyan-by-Prof.Yordan-Yordanov.jpg Emperore[›]
Emperor of Bulgarians and Vlachs, the Romanslayer Kaloyan 1197–1207 Third brother of Asen and Petar. Expanded Bulgaria and concluded a Union with the Catholic Church. Murdered by plotters during the siege of Salonica.[43]
Seal of Boril.jpg Emperor Boril 1207–1218 Son of a sister of Kaloyan. Deposed and blinded in 1218.[44]
Ivan-asen-II-zograf-portrait.jpg Emperor
Emperor of the Bulgarians and the Greeks[45] Ivan Asen II 1218–1241 Eldest son of Ivan Asen I. The Second Bulgarian Empire reached its apogee. Died a natural death on 24 June 1241, aged 46–47.[46]
Emperor Kaliman Asen I 1241–1246 Son of Ivan Asen II. Born in 1234, he died, possibly after being poisoned, in 1246, aged 12.[47]
Michael-Asen-Kastoria.jpg Emperor Michael II Asen 1246–1256 Son of Ivan Asen II. Murdered by his cousin Kaliman.[48]
Emperor Kaliman Asen II 1256 Murdered in 1256.[49]
Emperor Mitso Asen 1256–1257 Fled to the Nicaean Empire in 1261.[50]
NHM-BG-photoKonstantinTih1.jpg Emperor
In Christ the Lord Faithful Emperor and Autocrat of the Bulgarians[51] Constantine I 1257–1277 Bolyar of Skopie. Killed in battle in 1277 by the peasant leader Ivaylo.[52]
Emperor Ivan Asen III 1279–1280 Eldest son of Mitso Asen. Fled to Constantinople with the treasury.[53]
Non-dynastic
Emperor Ivaylo 1277–1280 Leader of a major peasant uprising. Fled to the Golden Horde but was murdered by the Mongol Khan Nogai.[39]
Terter dynasty (1280–1292)
Emperor George Terter I 1280–1292 Bolyar of Cherven. Fled to the Byzantine Empire in 1292, died in Bulgaria in 1308–1309.[54]
Non-dynastic (1292–1300)
Emperor Smilets 1292–1298 Bolyar of Kopsis. Murdered or died of natural causes in 1298.[55]
Emperor Chaka 1299–1300 Son of the Mongol Nogai Khan. Deposed and strangled in prison in 1300.[56]
Terter dynasty (1300–1322)
Silver coin of Theodore Svetoslav.png Emperor Theodore Svetoslav 1300–1321 Son of George Terter I. Spent his youth as a hostage in the Golden Horde. His rule marked a revival of Bulgaria. Died a natural death in late 1321, aged 50–55.[57]
Emperor George Terter II 1321–1322 Son of Theodore Svetoslav. Died a natural death in late 1322.[58]
Shishman dynasty (1323–1396)
Михајло III Шишман.jpg Emperor Michael III Shishman 1323–1330 Bolyar of Vidin. Mortally wounded in the battle of Velbazhd on 28 July 1330 against the Serbs.[59]
Emperor Ivan Stephen 1330–1331 Son of Michael III Shishman. Deposed in March 1331 and fled to Serbia.[60] Might have died in 1373.
Ivan Alexander.jpg Emperor
In Christ the Lord Faithful Emperor and Autocrat of all Bulgarians[61] and Greeks[62] Ivan Alexander 1331–1371 Bolyar of Lovech. Descended from the Asen, Terter and Shishman dynasties. Second Golden Age of Bulgarian culture. Following his death of natural causes on 17 February 1371, Bulgaria was divided among his sons.[59]
53 IoSisiman.JPG Emperor
In Christ the Lord Faithful Emperor and Autocrat of all Bulgarians and Greeks[63] Ivan Shishman 1371–1395 Fourth son of Ivan Alexander.
Ivan Sratsimir portrait 1.JPG Emperor
Emperor of the Bulgarians[64] Ivan Sratsimir 1356–1396 Third son of Ivan Alexander. Ruled in Vidin.
Tsar (Emperor) of Bulgaria Constantine II 1397–1422 Son of Ivan Sratsimir (Ivan Sracimir) of Bulgaria by Anna, daughter of prince Nicolae Alexandru of Wallachia. He was crowned co-emperor by his father in or before 1395.
Annexation of southern Bulgaria by Ottoman Empire (1422–1878); Bulgaria North of the Danube ruled by Boyars.
Principality of Bulgaria and Kingdom of Bulgaria (1878–1946)
House of Battenberg
Alexander I of Bulgaria by Dimitar Karastoyanov.jpg Prince Alexander I 29 April 1879 – 7 September 1886 Abdicated due to Russian pressure. Died on 23 October 1893 in Graz.
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Zar Ferdinand Bulgarien.jpg Prince/Tsar Ferdinand I 7 July 1887 – 3 October 1918 Became Tsar after the official proclamation of independence on 22 September 1908. Abdicated on 3 October 1918 after Bulgaria's defeat in World War I. Died on 10 September 1948 in Coburg.
BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris III of Bulgaria.jpeg Tsar Boris III 3 October 1918 – 28 August 1943 Died on 28 August 1943 in unclear circumstances.
Simeon Sakskoburggotski.jpg Tsar Simeon II 28 August 1943 – 15 September 1946 Became tsar of Bulgaria at age 6, following the death of his father, Boris III. Monarchy abolished by the Communists. He served as the 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria between 24 July 2001 and 17 August 2005. Still living as of 2016.

[duovamp]

What, nobody wants to talk about Emperor Smilets?!

1292–1298 Bolyar of Kopsis. Murdered or died of natural causes in 1298. Can we look into that?

[ohnoitsbonnie]

Pretty neat place.

[duovamp]

Never been but it seems under appreciated.

Thank you for your pity post.

[ohnoitsbonnie]

It's not pity. All I know about Bulgaria is that it's like Serbia in some aspects of shared history, ethnicities, food culture, customs and religion, but maybe a bit more of a melting pot (than other Balkan nations) I bet the physical geography is unique and varied as well. Some place I would not mind visiting.

[ohnoitsbonnie]

Sorry I don't know anything about kings. I have never been good at history.

[ohnoitsbonnie]

It's like that list goes from Roman or Mongolian or something to Slavic.

[duovamp]

Yeah I think the region was conquered by just about every empire in that area just due to its somewhat central location. That probably explains why it's such a melting pot too. I'm not too familiar with it but that happens a lot with places with no natural borders. Like Germany for a while.

[ohnoitsbonnie]

My grandpa was a german immigrant guy that was equally fluent in Russian. I don't know much about him but I know that.

[teh b0lly!!1]

i wasn't aware bulgaria had kings